Identification of Mold in Flour Sold without Brands in Big Market of Palangka Raya City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32382/medkes.v19i1.386Keywords:
Fungi, Market, Wheat flourAbstract
Good food is food that does not contain dangerous ingredients and meets hygiene and sanitation standards, however BPOM stated that distributor buildings and retail facilities were found that stored damaged, expired and illegal food ingredients, one of which was damaged wheat flour due to fungal contamination originating from wheat grains/seeds. Wheat flour that is at high risk of being contaminated with mold is wheat flour that is sold without a brand and uses thin, transparent plastic, making it easier for air containing mold spores to enter. To determine the presence of mold and identify the species of mold found in wheat flour sold without a brand at Pasar Besar Palangka Raya City. This type of research uses descriptive methods with a cross sectional design. The research population consisted of 41 wheat flours sold without brands at Pasar Besar Palangka Raya City, with a sampling technique using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instrument used was a microscope. Data processing techniques include coding, tabulating, entering, editing, and cleaning with univariate analysis techniques (descriptive analysis) and using percentage formulas. The results of examining 41 wheat flour samples and identifying fungi using SDA (Sabouraud Dextrose Agar) media showed that the percentage was 100% positive for contamination with Aspergillus spp. The results obtained from this research were that all (100%) wheat flour samples were positively contaminated with Aspergillus spp.
References
Nuzrina R. Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan Mengenai Gizi Seimbang pada Penjamah Makanan Kantin Universitas Esa Unggul Jurnal Abdimas. Vol. 6. Jakarta; 2020.
Lee H, Yoon Y. Etiological agents implicated in foodborne illness world wide. Food Sci Anim Resour. 2021 Jan;41(1):1–7.
Wahana H. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang Keracunan Makanan di Kecamatan Aluh-Aluh. Journal of Nursing Invention. 2020 Nov 15;1(2):123–9.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah Tahun 2019. 2019. 116–117 p.
Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan. Laporan Tahunan 2021. 2021. 553–557 p.
Staf Pengajar, Departemen Parasitologi. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. Buku Ajar Parasitologi Kedokteran. 4th ed. Sutanto I, Ismid IS, Sjarifuddin PK, Sungkar S, editors. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Publishing; 2021. 371–375 p.
Suryani Y, Taupiqurrahman O, Kulsum Y. Mikologi. 1st ed. Ikhsan M, editor. Padang. Sumatera Barat: PT. Freeline Cipta Granesia; 2020. 60–61 p.
Nurfalah, Maslina, Apiliani IW. Analisis Pengelolaan Penyimpanan Bahan Baku Mentah Restoran The Korean Eatery di Balikpapan. Jurnal Kesehatan, Kesehatan Kerja dan Lindungan Lingkungan. 2021;7(2):499–504.
Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan. Pedoman Pengkajian Bahan Baku Pangan. 2020 Oct 1;1–36.
Novita Praja R, Yudhana A. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Aspergillus spp pada Paru-Paru Ayam Kampung yang Dijual di Pasar Banyuwangi [Internet]. Vol. 1, J Med Vet. Surabaya. Jawa Timur. Indonesia; Oct. Available from: http://journal.unair.ac.id
Gandi NLPG, Getas IW, Jannah M. Studi Jamur Aspergillus fumigatus penyebab Aspergillosis di Pasar Cakranegara Kota Mataram dengan Media Pertumbuhan Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Jurnal Analis Medika Bio Sains. 2019 Mar 20;6(1):1–9.
Pujiati W, Ruliati, Ardhiyanti LP. Identifikasi Jamur Aspergillus sp pada Tepung Terigu yang Dijual Secara Terbuka (Studi di Pasar Legi Jombang). 2018.
Fadhilah FR, Kafesa A, Napita S. Identification of Aspergillus sp Mushrooms in Wheat Flour Sold Openly in Ciroyom Market as Raw Materials for Halal and Mungke-Free. IJMA: International Journal Mathla’ul Anwar of Halal Issues. 2021 Sep;1(2):29–42.
Triana N. Gambaran Keberadaan Jamur Aspergillus sp pada Jamu Serbuk. Babul ILmi_Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Science Kesehatan [Internet]. 2022 Dec;14(2):77–83. Available from: https://jurnal.stikes-aisyiyah-palembang.ac.id/index.php/Kep/article/view/
Lestari AD, Elfrida, Indriyati. Identifikasi Jamur pada Roti yang Dijual di Kota Langsa Berdasarkan Lama Penyimpanan. Vol. 6, Jurnal Jeumpa. Juli-Desember; 2019 Dec.
Sulastina NA. Analisis Jamur Kontaminan pada Roti Tawar yang Dijual di Pasar Tradisional. Jurnal ’Aisyiyah Medika. 2020 Feb;5(1):122–30.
Maryatin H. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Kontaminan pada Kue Wajik di Pasar Tradisional Kutabumi Kota Tangerang. Jurnal Sehat Indonesia. 2020 Jul 9;2(2):38–47.
Edyansyah E. Keberadaan Jamur Kontaminan pada Kacang Tanah (Bumbu Gado-Gado) yang Dijual Pedagang di Kota Palembang. Palembang; 2016 Jun.
Novaryatiin S, Mulia DS. Analisis Cemaran Mikroba pada Kue Basah di Pasar Besar Kota Palangka Raya. Palangka Raya;.
Periadnadi, Nurmiati, Antoni Agustien, Nasril Nasir, Fuji Astuti Febria, Feskaharny Alamsyah. Penuntun Praktikum Mikrobiologi. Sumatera Barat: Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Jurusan Biologi, Universitas Andalas; 1–38 p.
Putra GWK, Ramona Y, Proborini MW. Eksplorasi Dan Identifikasi Mikroba Pada Rhizosfer Tanaman Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa Dutch.) Di Kawasan Pancasari Bedugul. Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences. 2020 Sep 28;7(2):205–2013
Fathoni R, Radiastuti N, Wijayanti F. Identification of Fungi Species on Bats (Order Chiroptera) in South Tangerang City. J Mikol Indones [Internet]. 10;1(1):28–37. Available from: www.jmi.mikoina.or.id
Lass-Flörl C, Dietl AM, Kontoyiannis DP, Brock M. Aspergillus terreus Species Complex. Clin Microbiol Rev [Internet]. 2021 Dec 15;34(4):e0031120. Available from: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/CMR. 00311-20
Poulsen JS, Madsen AM, White JK, Nielsen JL. Physiological responses of aspergillus niger challenged with itraconazole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Jun 1;65(6):1–11.
Hasanah U. Mengenal Aspergillosis, Infeksi Jamur Genus Aspergillus. Jurnal Keluarga Sehat Sejahtera. 2017 Dec;15(2):76–86.
Fosses Vuong M, Hollingshead CM, Waymack JR. Aspergillosis [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Dec 6]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482241/
Rozaliyani A, Rosianawati H, Handayani D, Agustin H, Zaini J, Syam R, et al. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in post tuberculosis patients in indonesia and the role of ldbio aspergillus ict as part of the diagnosis scheme. Journal of Fungi. 2020 Dec 1;6(4):1–10.
Bui-Klimke TR, Wu F. Ochratoxin A and Human Health Risk: A Review of the Evidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015 Nov 10;55(13):1860–9.
Silva LJG, Pereira AMPT, Pena A, Lino CM. Citrinin in Foods and Supplements: A Review of Occurrence and Analytical Methodologies. MDPI [Internet]. 2020 Dec 23;10(14):2–33. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10010014
Sari NM, Wantini S, Kesehatan A, Kesehatan Tanjungkarang P, Kesehatan JA, Kesehatan P, et al. Gambaran Jamur Aspergillus flavus pada Kecap Manis Hasil Industri Rumahan yang Dijual di Pasar Kipondo dan Pasar Margorejo Kota Metro. Vol. 6, Jurnal Analis Kesehatan. Bandar Lampung; 2017 Mar.
Reddy L, Bhoola K. Ochratoxins-food contaminants: Impact on human health. Vol. 2, Toxins. 2010. p. 771–9.
Sukmawati D, Wahyudi P, Rahayu S, Moersilah M, Handayani T, Rustam KY, et al. Skrining Kapang Aspergillus spp. Penghasil Aflatoksin Pada Jagung Pipilan di Daerah Bekasi, Jawa Barat. Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi. 2018 Oct 23;11(2):151–62.
Kumar P, Mahato DK, Kamle M, Mohanta TK, Kang SG. Aflatoxins: A Global Concern for Food Safety, Human Health and Their Management. Vol. 7, Frontiers in Microbiology. Gyeongsan. South Korea: Frontiers Media S.A.; 2017. p. 1–10.
Soedarsono, Widoretno ETW. Aspergilloma pada Tuberkulosis Paru. Vol. 3. Surabaya; 2017 May.
Khaira Mizana D, Suharti N, Amir A. Identifikasi Pertumbuhan Jamur Aspergillus Sp pada Roti Tawar yang Dijual di Kota Padang Berdasarkan Suhu dan Lama Penyimpanan [Internet]. Vol. 5, Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas. Padang, Sumatera Barat; 2016. Available from: http://jurnal.fk.unand.ac.id
