Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Komunikasi Orang Tua-Remaja dalam Isu Kesehatan Seksual dan Reproduksi: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Nurul Fatimah Susanti; Hasrita Octaliana; Endah Purda Listya

doi:10.32382/medkes.v20i1.1416

Penulis

Nurul Fatimah Susanti Program Studi D3 Kebidanan, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Bengkulu
Hasrita Octaliana Program Studi D3 Kebidanan, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Bengkulu
Endah Purda Listya Program Studi D3 Kebidanan, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Bengkulu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32382/medkes.v20i1.1416

Kata Kunci:

komunikasi, orangtua, Remaja, kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi

Abstrak

Remaja adalah kelompok umur 10-18 tahun. Remaja yang memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup tentang isu kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi dapat membuat keputusan yang bijaksana dan menghindari perilaku beresiko. Orangtua adalah orang terdekat untuk memberikan informasi, membimbing dan mendorong remaja dalam bersikap tentang kesehatan reproduksi. Komunikasi orang tua-remaja memiliki peran penting dalam mengurangi perilaku seksual berisiko dan mencegah berbagai masalah kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi. Tujuan penelitian ini dibuat untuk memperbaharui dan memberikan gambaran komprehensif tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi komunikasi orang tua dan remaja tentang masalah kesehatan reproduksi. Telaah pustaka dilakukan dengan basis data Pubmed dan ScienceDirect. Metode seleksi artikel menggunakan PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) dan ditinjau dengan prinsip kerangka PICO (Participants, Interventions, Comparisons and Outcomes). Pencarian kata kunci menggunakan kombinasi kata kunci dengan format operator Boolean (AND). Sebanyak 1133 artikel yang ditemukan, terdapat 306 artikel yang dilakukan seleksi tujuan penelitian dan abstrak. Selanjutnya dilakukan seleksi sesuai kiteria inklusi. Kriteria inklusi adalah artikel diterbitkan pada tahun 2020-2025, desain penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif, ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris, dan seluruh artikel gratis dan dapat diakses. Analisis terhadap 6 artikel, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi komunikasi orang tua dengan remaja tentang kesehatan seksual dan kesehatan reproduksi diantaranya adalah pendidikan orang tua (3 artikel), pengetahuan orang tua (3 artikel), sikap remaja terhadap permasalahan seksual dan kesehatan reproduksi, dan kesadaran remaja dalam mengakses informasi tentang kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi (3 artikel). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perlunya integrasi pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi yang tidak hanya menyasar remaja tetapi juga orang tua dengan berbagai strategi seperti bimbingan rutin yang dilakukan oleh fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan terkait. Program pendidikan ini harus dirancang untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan komunikasi, serta kepercayaan diri orang tua dalam membicarakan isu-isu seksual dan reproduksi secara terbuka dan sesuai usia.

Kata kunci : Komunikasi; Orang tua; Remaja; Kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi

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