Inovasi Teknologi Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah: Kajian Bibliometrik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32382/sulo.v25i1.1426Kata Kunci:
Pengolahan air limbah, Inovasi teknologi, Reaktor biofilm, Kajian bibliometric, MBBRAbstrak
Pengolahan air limbah menjadi esensial dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem dan kesehatan masyarakat. Meningkatnya populasi dan industrialisasi menghasilkan air limbah berlimpah, menuntut solusi pengolahan yang lebih efisien dan efektif. Teknologi biofilm, khususnya Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBR), telah diakui sebagai metode efektif dalam mengurangi pencemaran air limbah. Biofilm memanfaatkan media penyangga dalam reaktor biologis untuk menunjang pertumbuhan bakteri yang menguraikan berbagai polutan, termasuk senyawa nitrogen, karbon, farmasi, bahan kimia industri, dan mikropolutan lainnya yang menjadi parameter kunci kualitas air limbah. MBBR meningkatkan efisiensi penghilangan Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), dan senyawa nitrogen melalui nitrifikasi dan denitrifikasi. Penelitian ini menyelidiki evolusi penelitian teknologi biofilm untuk pengolahan air limbah dengan fokus pada MBBR. Analisis bibliometrik menunjukkan tren global, organisasi, lembaga, dan penulis yang paling berkontribusi dalam penelitian MBBR selama dekade terakhir. Data dikumpulkan dari database Scopus dan dianalisis menggunakan Excel, OpenRefine, Tableau, dan VOSviewer. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam jumlah publikasi terkait teknologi biofilm dan MBBR, dengan peningkatan tahunan sebesar 8,43%. China menjadi kontributor utama dengan 1.026 publikasi, diikuti oleh India, Denmark, dan Amerika Serikat. Meskipun MBBR diakui efektif, masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang dinamika komunitas mikroba dan pengaruh variabel operasional terhadap kinerjanya. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya teknologi MBBR dalam pengolahan air limbah dan memberikan wawasan tentang arah penelitian di masa depan. Penelitian di masa depan harus fokus pada pengembangan biocarrier baru yang lebih efisien, pemahaman mendalam tentang dinamika komunitas mikroba dalam MBBR, dan optimasi parameter operasional. Integrasi teknologi MBBR dengan teknologi pengolahan lainnya juga merupakan area yang menjanjikan untuk dieksplorasi.
Kata Kunci: MBBR, Pengolahan air limbah, Inovasi teknologi, Kajian bibliometric, Reaktor biofilm
Referensi
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