Analisis Profil Viral Load Dan Supresi Virologis Berdasarkan Durasi Terapi Antiretroviral Pada Pasien Koinfeksi TB–HIV Di Sulawesi Selatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32382/jmak.v16i2.1916Kata Kunci:
TB-HIV, Viral load, antiretroviral, supresi virologis, durasi terapiAbstrak
Koinfeksi tuberkulosis (TB) dan HIV merupakan masalah kesehatan yang memerlukan penanganan komprehensif, termasuk pemantauan viral load (VL) untuk menilai keberhasilan terapi antiretroviral (ARV). Durasi terapi ARV merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian supresi virologis, namun data regional di Sulawesi Selatan masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui profil viral load berdasarkan durasi terapi ARV pada pasien koinfeksi TB–HIV di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder pasien TB–HIV. Sebanyak 22 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis. Durasi terapi ARV dikelompokkan menjadi <12 bulan, 12–36 bulan, 36–60 bulan, dan >60 bulan. Viral load dikategorikan menjadi tidak terdeteksi (≤50 kopi/mL), >50–≤1000 kopi/mL, dan >1000 kopi/mL. Analisis disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi, median, interkuartil (IQR), dan persentase supresi virologis. Mayoritas pasien adalah laki-laki (56%) dan berada pada kelompok usia 30–49 tahun (68%). Sebanyak 54% pasien telah menjalani terapi ARV >60 bulan. Supresi virologis (VL ≤1000 kopi/mL) dicapai oleh 19 pasien (86%). Kelompok <12 bulan memiliki tingkat supresi 71%, kelompok 12–36 bulan mencapai 100%, dan kelompok >60 bulan menunjukkan supresi 92%. Secara umum, median viral load pada semua kelompok adalah 0 kopi/mL. Durasi terapi ARV berhubungan dengan pencapaian supresi virologis pada pasien TB–HIV. Pasien dengan durasi terapi lebih panjang menunjukkan tingkat supresi yang lebih tinggi. Pemantauan viral load dan penguatan kepatuhan pengobatan diperlukan untuk memastikan keberhasilan terapi jangka panjang.
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