Strategi Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat dan Teknologi di Kelurahan Samata dan Romang Polong, Kabupaten Gowa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32382/sulo.v25i2.1862Kata Kunci:
Strategi, Kebijakan, Plastik, SampahAbstrak
Penelitian ini mengevaluasi strategi pengelolaan sampah plastik di Kelurahan Samata dan Romang Polong, Kabupaten Gowa dengan pendekatan campuran (mixed methods) yang menggabungkan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan SPSS dan analisis kualitatif MICMAC serta wawancara mendalam. Analisis SPSS mengungkap bahwa pertumbuhan penduduk cepat (4,07 %/tahun) dan aktivitas rumah tangga serta mahasiswa merupakan penyebab utama peningkatan volume sampah plastik. Survei lapangan menunjukkan 67 % responden bersedia berpartisipasi dalam program pengelolaan sampah, namun hanya 34 % yang rutin melakukan pemilahan. Analisis MICMAC menunjukkan bahwa Kebijakan Lingkungan/Peraturan Pemerintah dan Pengelolaan Sampah Pemerintah merupakan faktor kunci dengan pengaruh dan ketergantungan tinggi, sementara Dukungan LSM memiliki pengaruh tinggi dengan ketergantungan rendah, dan Edukasi Masyarakat, Program Daur Ulang, serta Kesadaran Masyarakat berada pada ketergantungan tinggi dengan pengaruh rendah, yang menandakan perlunya dukungan kebijakan untuk meningkatkan efektivitasnya. Analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa inisiatif lokal dan peran mahasiswa sebagai agen perubahan menjadi kekuatan, sementara keterbatasan infrastruktur TPS dan rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat menjadi kelemahan, dengan peluang berupa kolaborasi pemerintah–universitas, pendanaan ekonomi sirkular, dan pemanfaatan teknologi IoT, serta ancaman terkait populasi “floating” yang tidak terdaftar dan rendahnya edukasi publik. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, direkomendasikan penguatan regulasi daerah yang memperketat larangan plastik sekali pakai dan memberi insentif daur ulang, pembangunan TPS dan sistem pemantauan sampah berbasis IoT di tiap RT/RW, pelaksanaan program “Bank Sampah Kampus” dan aplikasi edukasi 3R bagi mahasiswa, kampanye edukasi yang menyasar penduduk tidak terdaftar melalui LSM, serta koordinasi lintas sektor untuk mengintegrasikan kebijakan, infrastruktur, dan peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat.
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