HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERFORMA FISIK DAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA LANSIA

The Relationship Between Physical Performance and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

Abstrak

Fenomena ageing population menjadi tantangan signifikan dalam mempertahankan performa fisik dan fungsi kognitif pada lanjut usia. Seiring bertambahnya usia, lansia mengalami berbagai perubahan fisik dan kognitif yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara performa fisik dan fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, melibatkan 56 lansia yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Performa fisik dinilai menggunakan Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), sedangkan fungsi kognitif diukur menggunakan Montreal Cognitive Assessment versi Indonesia (MoCA-Ina).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 58,9% responden memiliki performa fisik sedang, sementara 89,3% mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif. Analisis statistik menggunakan korelasi spearman’s rho  menunjukkan hubungan positif yang signifikan antara performa fisik dan fungsi kognitif (p<0,001, r=0,619). Dari data tersebut dapat dismpulkan performa fisik berkorelasi kuat dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia, menekankan pentingnya menjaga aktivitas fisik untuk mendukung kesehatan kognitif pada populasi lansia.

Kata Kunci: Fungsi kognitif; Lanjut Usia; Performa Fisik;

The ageing population phenomenon presents a significant challenge in maintaining physical performance and cognitive function among older adults. As individuals age, they undergo various physical and cognitive changes that may impact their quality of life. This study aims to examine the association between physical performance and cognitive function in older adults. A quantitative study with a descriptive-analytic design and a cross-sectional approach was conducted, involving 56 older adults who met the inclusion criteria. Physical performance was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), while cognitive function was measured using the Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina). The results showed that 58.9% of participants had moderate physical performance, while 89.3% experienced cognitive impairment. Statistical analysis using Spearman’s rho correlation revealed a significant positive relationship between physical performance and cognitive function (p < 0.001, r = 0.619). These findings suggest that physical performance is strongly correlated with cognitive function in older adults, highlighting the importance of maintaining physical activity to support cognitive health in the ageing population.

Keywords: Cognitive Function, Older Adults, Physical Performance