AKTIVITAS FISIK TERSTRUKTUR DAN KAPASITAS KARDIORESPIRASI REMAJA: ANALISIS METABOLIC EQUIVALENT OF TASK DAN PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE
Structured Physical Activity and Cardiovascular-Respiratory Capacity in Adolescents: An Analysis of METs and PEFR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32382/fis.v17i2.1805Kata Kunci:
Physical Activity, Lung Capacity, Sport Extracurricular Activities, Adolescents, PhysiotherapyAbstrak
Meningkatnya ketergantungan terhadap perangkat digital telah mendorong pergeseran perilaku menuju gaya hidup sedentari, yang berdampak pada penurunan aktivitas fisik dan kebugaran jasmani remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat aktivitas fisik dan kapasitas paru antara remaja yang mengikuti dan tidak mengikuti ekstrakurikuler olahraga, serta mengeksplorasi hubungan antara kedua variabel tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan Cross-sectional, melibatkan 186 siswa SMP yang dibagi menjadi kelompok yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler olahraga dan non-olahraga. Aktivitas fisik diukur menggunakan Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) melalui International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF), sedangkan kapasitas paru diukur dengan Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelompok olahraga memiliki rerata MET sebesar 4312,96 ± 1650,99 MET-menit/minggu dan PEFR sebesar 560,75 ± 89,17 L/menit, yang secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok non-olahraga (MET: 1066,15 ± 1202,54; PEFR: 440,00 ± 80,27; p < 0,05). Uji korelasi menunjukkan hubungan positif signifikan antara MET dan PEFR, baik pada kelompok olahraga (r = 0,419; p = 0,000) maupun non-olahraga (r = 0,292; p = 0,004). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik terstruktur berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kapasitas respirasi remaja dan dapat menjadi strategi promotif-preventif dalam konteks fisioterapi di lingkungan sekolah.
Kata kunci: aktivitas fisik, kapasitas paru, ekstrakurikuler olahraga, remaja, fisioterapi.
The increasing reliance on digital devices has led to a behavioral shift toward a sedentary lifestyle, resulting in decreased physical activity and reduced physical fitness among adolescents. This study aims to compare physical activity levels and lung capacity between adolescents who participate in sports extracurricular activities and those who do not, as well as to explore the relationship between these two variables. A descriptive analytic design with a cross-sectional approach was used, involving 186 junior high school students divided into sports and non-sports groups. Physical activity was assessed using the Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF), while lung capacity was measured using Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR). The results showed that the sports group had a significantly higher average MET of 4312.96 ± 1650.99 MET-minutes/week and a PEFR of 560.75 ± 89.17 L/min compared to the non-sports group (MET: 1066.15 ± 1202.54; PEFR: 440.00 ± 80.27; p < 0.05). Correlation tests revealed a significant positive relationship between MET and PEFR in both the sports group (r = 0.419; p = 0.000) and the non-sports group (r = 0.292; p = 0.004). These findings suggest that structured physical activity plays an important role in improving respiratory capacity in adolescents and may serve as a promotive and preventive strategy within school-based physiotherapy programs.
Keywords: physical activity, lung capacity, sports extracurricular activities, adolescents, physiotherapy
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