Formulasi Sampo Antiketombe Liofilisat Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia): Aktivitas Antijamur, Uji Stabilitas Dan Keamanan Melalui HET-CAM

Nur Khairi; Budiman Yasir; Maulita Indrisari

doi:10.32382/mf.v22i1.1898

Penulis

Nur Khairi Departemen of Pharmaceutical and Technology, Universitas Almarisah Madani, Makassar, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3958-1507
Budiman Yasir Departemen of Pharmacology and Clinic, universitas Almarisah Madani, Makassar, Indonesia
Maulita Indrisari Departemen of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Palangkaraya University, Palangkaraya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32382/mf.v22i1.1898

Kata Kunci:

Sampo antidandruff, liofilisat buah mengkudu, Malassezia furfur, HET-CAM, stabilitas

Abstrak

Formulation of Anti-Dandruff Shampoo Containing Lyophilized Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia): Antifungal Activity, Stability Testing, and Safety Evaluation Using the HET-CAM Method

Dandruff is a common scalp disorder often associated with the overgrowth of Malassezia furfur. Anti-dandruff shampoos containing synthetic antifungal agents, such as ketoconazole, are effective; however, repeated use may lead to side effects, including irritation, burning sensation, itching, dryness, and alterations in hair condition. Therefore, the development of effective and safe natural alternatives is needed. This study aimed to formulate an anti-dandruff shampoo based on lyophilized noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) and to evaluate its antifungal activity, stability, and safety. The antifungal activity of the lyophilizate was tested at concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% using the agar diffusion method. The lyophilizate was subsequently formulated into shampoo preparations at three concentrations: F1 (6%), F2 (8%), and F3 (10%). Evaluations included physical properties, antifungal effectiveness against M. furfur, and safety using the Hen’s Egg Test–Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) method.The results showed that the lyophilized noni fruit exhibited increasing antifungal activity with higher concentrations, with the largest inhibition zone observed at 10% (23.16 ± 5.36 mm), which was not significantly different from the positive control. Among the formulations, F3 demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity compared to the other formulas. The HET-CAM test indicated that all formulations had an irritation score of 0, classifying them as non-irritating.In conclusion, shampoo formulated with lyophilized noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) shows potential as an effective, stable, and safe natural alternative for anti-dandruff treatment.

Ketombe merupakan gangguan kulit kepala yang sering dikaitkan dengan pertumbuhan berlebih Malassezia furfur. Sampo antiketombe berbahan antijamur sintetis, seperti ketokonazol, memang efektif, tetapi penggunaan berulang dapat menimbulkan efek samping, seperti iritasi, rasa terbakar, gatal, kulit kering, dan perubahan kondisi rambut. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengembangan bahan alami yang efektif dan aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan sampo antiketombe berbasis liofilisat buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antijamur, stabilitas, dan keamanannya. Aktivitas antijamur liofilisat diuji pada konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, dan 10% menggunakan metode difusi agar. Liofilisat selanjutnya diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan sampo pada tiga konsentrasi, yaitu F1 (6%), F2 (8%), dan F3 (10%). Evaluasi meliputi pengujian sifat fisik, efektivitas antijamur terhadap M. furfur, dan keamanan menggunakan metode Hen’s Egg Test–Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa liofilisat buah mengkudu memiliki aktivitas antijamur yang meningkat seiring kenaikan konsentrasi, dengan zona hambat terbesar pada konsentrasi 10% sebesar 23,16 ± 5,36 mm dan tidak berbeda signifikan dibandingkan kontrol positif. Pada pengujian sediaan, formula F3 menunjukkan daya hambat tertinggi dibandingkan formula lainnya. Uji HET-CAM menunjukkan seluruh formula memiliki skor iritasi 0, sehingga tergolong tidak mengiritasi. Disimpulkan bahwa sampo berbasis liofilisat buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) berpotensi sebagai alternatif antiketombe alami yang efektif, stabil, dan aman.

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