Luaran Klinis Pasien Covid-19 Yang Menerima Remdesivir Berdasarkan Derajat Keparahan Penyakit
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32382/mf.v22i1.1568Kata Kunci:
COVID-19, Luaran klinis, keparahan, RemdesivirAbstrak
Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients Receiving Remdesivir Based on Disease Severity
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a global concern despite the revocation of its international public health emergency status. The resurgence of cases in several regions and the emergence of new variants indicate that the disease still has the potential to trigger subsequent waves of infection. Remdesivir is one of the most widely used antiviral agents for COVID-19 therapy; however, its effectiveness has shown variable results across studies, particularly among patients with different levels of disease severity. Several clinical studies have reported its benefits in accelerating recovery, but real-world data remain inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between COVID-19 severity and the clinical outcomes of patients receiving remdesivir therapy. This was an observational study with a retrospective cohort design using secondary data obtained from the medical records of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received remdesivir treatment. Clinical outcomes were assessed based on improvement in clinical condition, length of hospital stay, and mortality. The analysis was performed using the chi-square test to determine the association between disease severity and clinical outcomes. The results showed that patients with mild and moderate disease had a higher rate of clinical improvement compared to those with severe/critical conditions (100%, 94.9% vs 59.4%; p<0.001). The length of hospital stay was also shorter in patients with mild and moderate disease compared to those with severe/critical disease, with proportions of hospitalization ≤14 days of 100%, 92.4%, and 69.5%, respectively (p<0.001). In addition, mortality was higher among severe/critical patients (41.6%), whereas patients with mild and moderate disease demonstrated higher proportions of survival (100% and 96.6%; p<0.001). In conclusion, there is a significant association between disease severity and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients receiving remdesivir therapy.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) masih menjadi perhatian global meskipun status darurat internasional telah dicabut. Peningkatan kembali kasus di beberapa wilayah serta kemunculan varian baru menunjukkan bahwa penyakit ini masih berpotensi menyebabkan gelombang infeksi berikutnya. Remdesivir merupakan salah satu antivirus yang paling banyak digunakan untuk terapi COVID-19. Namun, efektivitasnya masih menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi antara studi, terutama pada pasien dengan tingkat keparahan penyakit yang berbeda. Beberapa penelitian klinis melaporkan manfaatnya dalam mempercepat pemulihan, tetapi data dunia nyata (real-world) masih memberikan hasil yang tidak konsisten. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara derajat keparahan COVID-19 dan luaran klinis pasien yang mendapat terapi remdesivir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain kohort retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di rumah sakit dan mendapat terapi remdesivir. Luaran klinis ditentukan dengan menilai perbaikan kondisi klinis pasien, lama rawat inap, dan kematian pada pasien. Analisis dilakukan dengan uji chi-square untuk menguji hubungan antara derajat keparahan dan luaran klinis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pasien dengan derajat ringan dan sedang memiliki tingkat perbaikan klinis yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasien berat/kritis (100%, 94,9% vs 59,4%; p<0,001). Lama rawat inap juga lebih singkat pada pasien ringan dan sedang dibandingkan berat/kritis, dengan proporsi rawat ≤14 hari masing-masing sebesar 100%, 92,4%, dan 69,5% (p<0,001). Selain itu, angka kematian lebih tinggi pada pasien berat/kritis sebesar 41,6%, sedangkan pada pasien derajat ringan dan sedang menunjukkan proporsi pasien yang tidak mengalami kematian lebih tinggi (100% dan 96,6%; p<0,001). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara derajat keparahan dengan perbaikan luaran klinis pasien COVID-19 yang mendapat terapi remdesivir.
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