A Systematic Narrative Review : Kajian Farmakologi dan Toksikologi Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.): A Systematic Narrative Review : Pharmacology and Toxicology Study of Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.)

Herianto Pandapotan; Hannie Fitriani; Farida Hayati; Yandi Syukri

doi:10.32382/mf.v21i1.1317

Penulis

Herianto Pandapotan Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1747-979X
Hannie Fitriani Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1672-7442
Farida Hayati Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-6663
Yandi Syukri Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-3368

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32382/mf.v21i1.1317

Kata Kunci:

Farmakologi, Meniran, Senyawa bioaktif, Toksikologi

Abstrak

Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) is a traditional medicinal plant widely utilized in various countries due to its pharmacological potential. Objective: This study aims to explore the biological activity by summarizing scientific findings regarding the pharmacological effects and toxicological profile of meniran, as well as highlighting the understanding related to safe therapeutic doses. This review was conducted using a systematic narrative approach, utilizing literature from journal articles, scientific reports, reference books, and publication data from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria comprised peer-reviewed studies published in the last 10 years, while exclusion criteria eliminated non-scientific articles and those not relevant to pharmacology or toxicology. A total of 200 articles were identified, resulting in 34 articles selected for review after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the four journals/studies reviewed, it was found that bioactive compounds in meniran, such as flavonoids and lignans, play a crucial role in therapeutic effects including antioxidant activity, hepatoprotection, antimicrobial effects, and anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, two journals/studies indicated that long-term use of meniran may have toxic effects. Meniran exhibits pharmacological activities such as antioxidant effects, hepatoprotection, antimicrobial effects, and anti-inflammatory effects; however, it may have toxic effects on the kidneys and liver when used in high doses. Further research is necessary to ensure the safety and effectiveness of its use in medical therapy.

Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) merupakan tanaman obat tradisional yang banyak dimanfaatkan di berbagai negara karena memiliki potensi farmakologi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi aktivitas biologis dengan merangkum temuan ilmiah mengenai efek farmakologis dan profil toksikologi dari meniran, serta menyoroti pemahaman terkait dosis terapeutik yang aman. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan naratif sistematis dengan menggunakan literatur dari artikel jurnal, ilmiah, laporan penelitian, buku referensi, dan data publikasi dari basis data PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar. Kriteria inklusi mencakup studi peer-reviewed dalam 10 tahun terakhir, sedangkan kriteria eksklusi mengeliminasi artikel non-ilmiah dan yang tidak relevan dengan aspek farmakologi atau toksikologi. Didapatkan 200 artikel yang diidentifikasi, sehingga diperoleh 34 artikel untuk dilakukan review setelah melalui proses eliminasi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Selanjutnya dari 4 jurnal/studi yang ada menunjukkan bahwa senyawa bioaktif meniran seperti flavonoid dan lignan berperan penting dalam efek terapeutik seperti aktivitas antioksidan, hepatoprotektor, antimikroba, dan antiinflamasi. Selain itu, pada 2 jurnal/studi yang ada menunjukkan penggunaan meniran dalam jangka panjang memiliki efek toksik. Meniran memiliki aktivitas farmakologis seperti efek antioksidan, hepatoprotektor, efek antimikroba dan efek antiinflamasi, namun meniran memiliki efek toksik pada ginjal dan hati jika digunakan dalam dosis tinggi, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk memastikan keamanan dan efektivitas penggunaannya dalam terapi medis.

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